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br Introduction It is well known that when epithelial cells
2024-09-18

Introduction It is well known that when epithelial cells are deprived of anchorage, they undergo detachment-induced apoptosis, also known as anoikis. Cancer cells, by contrast, are able to suppress anoikis and survive under anchorage -independent conditions in the circulating system, which is tho
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Treatment of RAW cells with AP exosomes caused
2024-09-18

Treatment of RAW264.7 NMS-E973 mg with AP(+)-exosomes caused an increase in their phagocytic activity. In the presence of amastatin, phagocytic activity was not completely suppressed, suggesting that at least two components were responsible for the activity; one of which is aminopeptidase(s). When
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br Materials and Methods br
2024-09-18

Materials and Methods Results Discussion Voluminous literature is available describing the regulation of buparlisib sale homeostasis by central and peripheral mechanisms in poultry [35,36]. However, the neuroendocrine mechanism(s) of photoperiod induced hypothalamic regulation of food intak
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We observed PACAP immunoreactivity in
2024-09-18

We observed PACAP2 immunoreactivity in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex in zebrafish. This result is consistent with the reporting of PACAP immunoreactivity in the soma and fibers of Purkinje cells and the presence of PACAP mRNA in the Purkinje-cell and granular-cell layers in rats [43].
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br Introduction Cell motility is fundamentally important in
2024-09-18

Introduction Cell motility is fundamentally important in morphogenesis, wound healing, and the immune response. One of the best-studied basic types of cell movement is lamellipodial motility [1, 2], characterized by a thin (∼0.1–0.2 μm), broad (∼10–40 μm) motile appendage containing a dynamic ap-
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muscarinic receptor antagonists Evaluation of plant growth T
2024-09-18

Evaluation of plant growth. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants were examined by microscope for alterations in cell size and shape. Overall plant architecture was also compared with control plants. Results and discussion Acknowledgments Introduction Mammalian ACK1 is a kinase effector for Cdc42
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Tacrine an aminoacridine derivative Fig A was
2024-09-18

Tacrine, an aminoacridine derivative (Fig. 1, A), was the first AChE inhibitor approved for treatment of AD [12], [13]. This compound was withdrawn from the market due to its hepatotoxicity [14]. In spite of tacrine's side effects, it is still an attractive lead compound for medicinal chemists due t
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br Acknowledgments We thank the
2024-09-18

Acknowledgments We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript, and also thank Dr. Hans-U. Dahms for his comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a grant from the National Research Foundation (2009-0071218) funded to Young-Mi Lee. This work was al
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br Conflicts of interest br Financial support This work
2024-09-18

Conflicts of interest Financial support This work was supported by grants from the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2011-0463] (Carini); and by Funds for Original Research of the Università del Piemonte Orientale (2016, Project: Carini-Boldorini). The sponsors had no involvement in study desig
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br Materials and methods br Results
2024-09-14

Materials and methods Results Discussion The current treatment modalities for colorectal cancer are hampered by various issues such as high acquired resistance, long-term complication with potential of cancer recurrence, severe side-effects and poor therapeutic index [50], [51], [52]. Compl
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br Summary br Introduction With readily synthetic methods an
2024-09-14

Summary Introduction With readily synthetic methods and excellent chemical/physical characteristics, coumarins have received extensive attention and show great practical values in many fields, such as medicine discovery, dye chemistry, materials chemistry and so on [[1], [2], [3]]. Actually, o
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acetylcholinesterase inhibitor br Angiogenesis as a critical
2024-09-14

Angiogenesis as a critical event in diabetic retinopathy Angiogenesis refers to the abnormal proliferation of blood vessels during various pathological conditions. It acquires the stature of being one of the most detrimental events responsible for the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Angiogen
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Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health
2024-09-14

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance is a growing health threat worldwide that has been associated with incorrect prescription and overuse of SR1078 [1]. Considering that physicians play a central role in antibiotic usage, a better understanding of their prescribing behaviours and their knowledge
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Liver plays a pivotal role in metabolism of
2024-09-14

Liver plays a pivotal role in metabolism of xenobiotic compounds, such as environmental contaminants and drugs. Some of these compounds generate hepatic damage and impair its function. It was well-known that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) could induce pathological changes in mouse and ra
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Thus far clinical data indicate
2024-09-14

Thus far, clinical data indicate that IDO1 inhibitors have manageable toxicity, albeit with a relatively short period of treatment in a small number of patients. KYN is a pluripotent mediator and key intermediate for the synthesis of a host of downstream KP metabolites that are implicated in inflamm
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