• The elastase induced injury model has been shown to

  2020-12-07

  

  The elastase-induced injury model has been shown to produce airspace enlargement, and increases in lung volume and compliance that are similar to those observed in human patients (Hantos et al., 2008, Hamakawa et al., 2011). Thus, this model, which has been used to study emphysema, should be adequat

• As retinol was not inducing any of

  2020-12-07

  

  As retinol was not inducing any of the isoforms of CYP450 responsible for the bioactivation of paracetamol, we decided to examine retinol's effect on renal and hepatic glutathione to determine whether retinol was potentiating hepatotoxicity through a mechanism of glutathione depletion. Studies, util

• The in vitro enantioselective metabolism of pesticides has

  2020-12-07

  

  The in vitro enantioselective metabolism of pesticides has been investigated by employing human liver microsomes, which are a reliable resource to perform MCL enantioselective risk assessment in humans (Carrão et al., 2019; de Albuquerque et al., 2018, 2016; Yao et al., 2016). The enantioselective m

• Our data supports the conclusion

  2020-12-07

  

  Our data supports the conclusion that the exonuclease activity thought to be intrinsic to Artemis is not a component of the Artemis polypeptide. Many possibilities exist to explain the presence of the exonuclease activity in less-pure fractions of Artemis. It is possible that the exonuclease is simp

• br Results br Discussion Repair by NHEJ

  2020-12-07

  

  Results Discussion Repair by NHEJ implicitly requires the pairing together of broken chromosome ends. A complex of Ku, XRCC4, DNA ligase IV, and XLF (PEC) is necessary and sufficient for this purpose (Reid et al., 2015). Here, we describe dynamic changes in this complex that are triggered by d

• Given the structural similarity of BMAA

  2020-12-07

  

  Given the structural similarity of BMAA to other amino acids, our hypothesis was that N-nitrosation of BMAA might result in a toxic alkylating agent, providing a previously unrecognised mechanism for BMAA action. Materials and methods Results and discussion We first examined whether chemical

• For a physiologically relevant interaction ligand and

  2020-12-07

  

  For a physiologically relevant interaction, ligand and receptor have to be expressed in the same place. Collagen II is found primarily in cartilage. DDR2 is expressed in proliferating chondrocytes in vivo, and its staining pattern in tibial growth plates is similar to that of collagen II. In additio

• The lungs dissected from week

  2020-12-07

  

  The lungs dissected from 4–5-week mice were cut into small pieces and then immersed in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) containing collagenase II (2 mg/ml), trypsin (2.5 mg/ml), Dnase I (2 mg/ml), penicillin (100 U/ml), and streptomycin (100 μg/ml) for 12 hours at 37 °C

• In conclusion high methylation levels of CDKL were

  2020-12-04

  

  In conclusion, high methylation levels of CDKL2 were observed both in HCC cell lines and tissues, which showed a negative association with mRNA expression. Moreover, treatment with demethylation agent in HCC cell lines could upregulate CDKL2 mRNA expression. The discovery of the epigenetic modifica

• On the basis of the published

  2020-12-04

  

  On the basis of the published articles, it is known that chemokines are produced by leukocytes and tissue cells, constitutively or after induction. Chemokines are responsible for the recruitment of leukocytes to maintain proper functioning of the immune system [14]. They exist in the central nervous

• Placental insufficiency is regarded as the main

  2020-12-04

  

  Placental insufficiency is regarded as the main etiology for FGR. Placental development is highly unique in eutherians and is regulated by numerous factors. For example, the novel retrotransposon-derived gene retrotransposon-like 1 (RTL1) was recently shown to play a key role in placental developmen

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Our previo

  2020-12-04

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Our previous study showed that ERRγ negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation via inhibiting Runx2 transactivity (Jeong et al., 2009). In the present study, we found that ERRγ also induced miR-433 in osteogenic mesenchymal cell lineage C3H10T1/

• Molecular docking study of compound was performed using the

  2020-12-04

  

  Molecular docking study of P7C3 was performed using the Schrödinger Small-Molecule Drug Discovery Suite taking advantage of known X-ray crystal structures of activated EPAC2 protein. The model shows that compound occupies the CBD of EPAC2 and forms hydrogen bonds with Arg448 and the cyano-hydrazi

• br Material and methods br Results

  2020-12-04

  

  Material and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Prostanoid-E receptor selective antagonists that inhibit EP2 or EP4 receptor activities may be used as a pharmacological strategy to limit cyst formation and ADPKD progression. Our study follows on from our previous observations of the

• As a support chitosan presents interesting characteristics t

  2020-12-04

  

  As a support, chitosan presents interesting characteristics that reinforce its great potential for enzyme immobilization [18,19]. Firstly, it is produced from renewable natural sources in addition to being biodegradable and water insoluble [20,21]. Also, the main peculiarity in the chitosan structur

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